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High Courts in India

Total High Courts in India

The total number of high courts in India is 25.

List of High Courts in India

Name Year Territorial
Jurisdiction
Seat
Kolkata 1862 West Bengal, Andman & Nicobar Islands Kolkata ( Bench of port Blair)
Bombay 1862 Maharastra, Dadar, & Nagar Haveli. Goa, Daman  Diu Mumbai (Bench at Panaji, Aurangabad and Nagpur)
Chennai 1862 Tamil Nadu & Pondicherry Chennai (Bench at Madurai)
Allahabad 1866 Utter Pradesh Allahabad (Bench at Lucknow)
Karnataka 1884 Karnataka Bengaluru (Bench at Dharwad and Gulbarga)
Patna 1916 Bihar Patna
Jammu & Kashmir 1928 Jammu & Kashmir Sri Nagar & Jammu
Punjab & Haryana 1947 Punjab, Haryana , Chandigarh Chandigarh
Guwahati 1948 Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh Guwahati (Bench at Kohima, Aizawl and Itanagar
Orissa 1948 Orissa Cuttack
Rajasthan 1949 Rajasthan Jodhpur ( Bench – Jaipur)
Madhya Pradesh 1956 Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur (Bench –Indore , Gwalior)
Kerala 1958 Kerala & Lakshadweep Ernakulam
Gujarat 1960 Gujarat Ahmedabad
Delhi 1966 Delhi Delhi
Himachal Pradesh 1966 Himachal Pradesh Shimla
Sikkim 1975 Sikkim Gangtok
Chhattisgarh 2000 Chhattisgarh Bilaspur
Uttarakhand 2000 Uttarakhand Nainital
Jharkhand 2000 Jharkhand Ranchi
Tripura 2013 Tripura Agartala
Manipur 2013 Manipur Imphal
Meghalaya 2013 Meghalaya Shillong
Andhra Pradesh 2019 Andhra Pradesh Amravati
Telangana 2019 Telangana Hyderabad

Powers and Functions of High Court

High Court has the following jurisdiction and powers:

1) Power to issue certain writs:-Every High Court has the power to issue writs of habeus corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo-warranto and certiorari for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights or for other purpose.

 2) Power of Superintendence: Every High Court has superintendence over all Courts and Tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.

 3) Power to transfer case: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution, the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may-

  • either dispose of the case itself; or
  • determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgement on such question, and the said court shall on receipt there of proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgement.

 4) Consultation in the appointment and posting etc. of District Judges: The High Court is consulted by the Governor in the appointment, posting and promotion of District Judges. It is also consulted in the appointment of other members of the State Judicial Service.

 5) Control over subordinate courts: The control over district court and courts subordinate thereto including the posting and promotion of and the grant of leave to persons belonging to the judicial service of a State and holding any post inferior to the post of district judge is vested in the High Court.

 6) Other original and appellate powers: Hight Court has original and appellate jurisdiction in civil and criminal matters as conferred by the Codes of Civil and Criminal Procedure and the Letters of Patent.

Appointment of the Judges

  • The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President with the consultation of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and the Governor of the State.
  • The other judges are appointed by the will of President, Governor and the Chief Justice of High Court.

Qualifications for the Judges

  • He should be a citizen of India.
  • He should have been an advocate in one or more High Courts in India or a judge for at least 10 years in subordinate courts in India.

Tenure:

  • Originally the age of the retirement of the judges of the High Courts was fixed at 60 but it was raised to 62 in 1963 according to the 15th amendment of the Constitution.

Removal of the Judges

  • A judge may leave his office by resigning. He will send his letter of resignation to the President.
  • His office would be considered to have been vacated if he is appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court or is transferred to some other High Court.
  • A judge of a High Court may also be removed like a judge of the Supreme Court. A judge of High Court may be removed by the President if the Parliament passes a motion against him by an absolute majority and 2/3rd majority of the members present and voting, both the Houses sitting separately.

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